Heater



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O. W. ALDRICH. HEATER.

, No. 590,447. Patented Septf21,1897.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES lV. ALDRICH, OF MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA HEATER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 590,447, datedSeptember 21, 1897.

Application filed January 11, 1897. Serial No. 618,699. (No model.)

. of Minnesota, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inHeaters; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, andexact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilledin the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to heaters, whether in the form of stoves orfurnaces, and has for its object to improve the same, with a view ofincreased efficiency in action and greater simplicity and decreased costin construction.

To these ends my invention consists of the novel devices andcombinations of devices which will be hereinafter described, and definedin the claims.

My invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein, likeletters referring to like parts throughout the several views- Figure 1is a perspective view of the preferred form of my improved-heater. Fig.2 is a crosssection of the same through the upper radiator orsubstantially on the line 40 1: of Fig. 4, with some parts broken away.Fig. 3 is a similar section through the combustionchamber or centralsection of the heater substantially on the line .90 of Fig. 4. Fig. atis a view, chiefly in vertical section, on the line 00 41: of Figs. 3and 5, but partly in perspective, with some of the parts separated fromeach other and with some portions broken away. Fig. 5 is a horizontalsection on the line a of Fig. at; and Fig. 6 is adetail, with some partsbroken away and others shown in section, looking at the back of thestove.

A double-walled shell a cooperates with a pair of horizontalpartition-plates or diaphragms a and a to form the central section orcombustion-chamber of the heater. A simi-- lar single-walled shell I)cooperates with the diaphragm a and a base or leg plate I) to form thelower section or bottom radiator of the heater. A third single-walledshell 0 cooperates with the diaphragm a .a top plate 0', and a removablecover 0 to form'the upper section or top radiator of the heater. Aremovable feed-magazine f is provided which is adapted to rest on therim of the top plate a and is of sufficient length to extend downwardthrough the diaphragm a into the interior of the central section orcombustion-chamber for the supply of fuel thereto. The top of themagazine f is adapted to be closed by the cover-section c of thestove-top. The walls of the cylinder-section a are spaced apartsufficiently far to afford passage-ways for a series of air-fines whichare built up in sections 9 of lengths corresponding to the respectivecylinders, and which communicate with each other through suitableopenings in the diaphragms a and a and open into the room throughcorresponding passages in the bottom or base plate 5 and the top plate0. These airflue or tube sections g connect .to the respective plates toa b c by suitable j oint-shoulders 9, so as to afford a suffieientlytight joint, while permitting the same to be readily taken apart or puttogether and to be held in working position along with all the otherparts by the common tie-rods h.

At the back the central cylinder a is divided by a vertical flue-stripis, extending between the walls thereof from the diaphragm a downward,through the cylinders a and b, to the bottom or base plate I). Thencetheflue-strip 7c joins to a curved or cylindrical flue is, located in thebottom radiator and dividing the same into two concentric chambers, asbest shown in Figs. 4 and 5. The combustion-chamber is provided with anoutlet 10 at its back directly below the diaphragm 0. and adjacent toone side of the vertical flue-strip 7t, opening into a down flue kformed by the said vertical strip is and coopcrating vertical strip 10Thence the products of combustion pass into the outer chamber of thebottom radiator and around the curved fine-strip 7e therein to an outlet10 therefrom opening into an up flue It, formed by the vertical strip kand a cooperating vertical strip k The up flue k connects with the topradiator through an opening 10 direotly below a deflecting and dividingstrip 7;. Thence the products of combustion pass through the topradiator around the feedcylinder f to the back of the stove, and thencethrough outlet [010 to the smoke-flue it. For purposes of direct draftan opening is provided in the diaphragm a which is controlled by adamper k and leads directly from the top of the flue k into the topradiator, nearly in line with the outlet 79 to the smokeflue 70 With theconstruction above described it is obvious that when the direct-draftdamper Z612 is closedthe products of combustion from the central orcombustion chamber pass first downward to the bottom radiator, thencecompletely around the same, thence upward to the top radiator, thencecompletely around the top radiator and out to the smoke-flue, and thenceto the chimney. The burning gases are therefore utilized to the fullestextent before reaching their final outlet to the smoke-flue or chimney.

The bottom plate b rests on suitable supporting-legs 11 so as to upholdthe heater at a short distance above the floor of the room. Air from theroom has, therefore, free access to the open lower ends of the fines g,and in passing through the same willbecome heated, and thence moveoutward through the open upper ends of the tubes or passages in the topplates 0 into the room in a highly-heated condition. A completecirculation of the air in the room will thus be eifected. Provision isalso made for the admixture of a certain quantity of fresh air fromoutside the building, if so desired. To this end the bottom plate I) isshown as provided with a cross-tube p, which tapstwo opposite members ofthe flue-sections g in the bottom radiator. This cross-tube p isprovided with a central opening 19, with which an intake-pipe 19 leadingto the exterior of the building, is adapted to connect. Vhen the freshair is not desired, the opening p may be closed by a plug 19 hen theintake-pipe p is connected to the cross-tube p for affording a supply offresh air, plugs 19 are applied to the lower ends of the tubesections g,which are tapped by the cross-tubep. lIence with these devices fresh airmay be supplied from the exterior of the building and pass through theheater for securing the proper temperature in the room. Provision isalso made for leading off the vitiated or bad air from the bottom of theroom. To this end a ventilating pipe-tube 0" extends entirely throughthe smoke-flue 7a of the heater and upward into the chimneyfiue Thelower end of the tube 7' opens through the base-plate Z) and iscontrolled by a dam per r. This tube 2' will therefore afford an outletfor a portion of the used or vitiated air from the room into the chimneyand thereby maintain proper condition of the atmosphere bearing-yoke 25extending into the thimble, and with a cover 25, which may be controlledby a hand-screw tfor the admission of a small quantity of air to thecombustion'chamber or the entire exclusion of air therefrom, as may bedesired.

From the foregoing description it will be seen that a heater is providedwhich is of extremely simple construction and which is highly efficientin action.

It may be further noted that the construction disclosed is adapted tothe interchangeable use of the same patterns or parts for differentkinds of heaters. For example, by the removal of the diaphragm acylinder 0, and the upper sections of theair-tubes g the top plate 0 ofthe stove could be substituted for the diaphragm a thereby affording aheater with a bottom radiator only. In substantially a similar way, withslight changes, the bottom or leg plate Z) might be applied in theposition shown as occupied by the lower diaphragm a, thereby convertingthe heater into one having a top radiator only. It is equally obviousthat the extra elements of both the top and bottom radiators might beremoved and the top and bottom plates be applied to the central cylindera, thereby affording an ordinary direct-draft heater, with the additionof the air-tubes g passing therethrough.

From the foregoing statements it must be clear. that the principle ofconstruction involved is conducive to economy in the first cost orproduction of the heater.

The heater has been illustrated as designed for use in the same way asthe well-known air-tight stoves. It must be obvious that the sameconstruction by proper changes in sizes would be suitable for a furnace.

It willbe further understood that minor details might be changed withoutdeparting from the spirit of my invention.

\Vhat I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the UnitedStates, is as follows:

1. A heater composed of a central or combustion chamber and top andbottom radiating-chambers, with the fines for the products ofcombustion, disposed to pass the same first downward into the bottomradiator, thence completely around the same, thence upward to the topradiator, thence completely around the top radiator and out to thechimney-flue, substantially as described.

2. The combination with a heater and a fresh-air intake or supply pipeof air circulating and heating tubes within said heater, some of whichopen below and above into the room, and certain of which are providedwith means interchangeably and independently usable for drawing theirsupply of air either from said intake or from the room, at will,substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

' CHARLES W. ALDRICH.

lVitnesses:

JAS. ,F. WILLtAMsoN, L. C. ELMORE.

